...but uncle same sent me on a litte TDY vacation.
As for mil-spec ammo and barrel length, I have found that most civillian/OTC rounds pretty much follow the "norm" of about 100fps per/inch of barrel shortening. Not really big deal for a CQB weapon, but if you stretch the range out to 300-400M, it might become more of an issue.
When I shortened my stock barrel, I did lose a couple hundred fps, but the accuracy improvments were well worth the loss. The improved accuracy more than offsets fps any day. I'd much rather drop a slug into a target than send them whizzing past it at 200 fps faster....know what I mean? lol
As for a Mini as a CQB weapon, I think you will find that the barrel will perform nicely around 16.5", although as Red mentioned, you will get a noticable muzzle flash.
The muzzle flip with a non-supressed/braked 16.5" barrel is very pronounced, and with the stock gas bushings, the problem is compunded. Two things I would definitely do if you plan to go this short :
1) Install the smaller gas bushings...a great modification all around.
2) A silver-soldered brake / flash hider....your only option once you chop the barrel.
I think you'll find good mil-spec rounds and a 16.5" to be a great combo.
Hope this helps.